GitOps and Infrastructure as Code: Reconciliation Patterns for Terraform, ArgoCD, and Crossplane

GitOps and Infrastructure as Code#

GitOps says: the desired state is in Git. A controller continuously reconciles the real state to match. Infrastructure as Code says: the desired state is in code. A human (or agent) runs apply to push changes.

These two paradigms overlap but do not align perfectly. Kubernetes resources fit the GitOps model well — ArgoCD/Flux watch Git, detect differences, and apply changes continuously. Cloud infrastructure (VPCs, databases, IAM roles) fits the IaC model better — Terraform tracks state, computes diffs, and applies on command.