Choosing a Secret Management Strategy: K8s Secrets vs Vault vs Sealed Secrets vs External Secrets

Choosing a Secret Management Strategy#

Secrets – database credentials, API keys, TLS certificates, encryption keys – must be available to pods at runtime. At the same time, they must not be stored in plain text in git, should be rotatable without downtime, and should produce an audit trail showing who accessed what and when. No single tool satisfies every requirement, and the right choice depends on your security maturity, operational capacity, and compliance obligations.