Git Branching Strategies#

Choosing a branching strategy is choosing your team’s speed limit. The wrong model introduces merge conflicts, stale branches, and release bottlenecks. The right model depends on how you deploy, how big your team is, and how much you trust your test suite.

Trunk-Based Development#

Everyone commits to main (or very short-lived branches that merge within hours). No long-running feature branches. No develop branch. No release branches unless you need to patch old versions.

Release Management Patterns#

Releasing software is more than merging to main and deploying. A disciplined release process ensures that every version is identifiable, every change is documented, every deployment is reversible, and failures are contained before they reach all users. This operational sequence walks through each phase of a production release workflow.

Phase 1 – Semantic Versioning#

Step 1: Adopt Semantic Versioning#

Semantic versioning (semver) communicates the impact of changes through the version number itself: MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH.

Feature Flags: Decoupling Deployment from Release#

Deployment and release are not the same thing. Deployment is shipping code to production. Release is enabling that code for users. Feature flags make this separation explicit. You deploy code that sits behind a conditional check, and you control when and for whom that code activates – independently of when it was deployed.

This distinction changes how teams work. Developers merge unfinished features to main because the code is behind a flag and invisible to users. A broken feature can be disabled in seconds without a rollback deploy. New features roll out to 1% of users, then 10%, then 50%, then 100%, with a kill switch available at every stage.